Second language acquisition (SLA) is a complex process influenced by multiple learner-specific and contextual factors. Understanding these factors helps educators design instruction that meets students’ individual needs and maximizes language growth.

Learn how to...

  • Tailor instruction to students' age and developmental stage. 
  • Leverage the first language (L1) to support second language learning.
  • Adapt teaching strategies to cognitive abilities and learning styles.
  • Foster motivation and positive attitudes toward language learning.
  • Provide frequent, meaningful exposure and practice in the target language.
  • Consider socio-cultural factors, including family and community support.
  • Encourage confidence and risk-taking in a safe, supportive environment.
“Create learning environments that honor every student’s language—when we celebrate multilingualism, we unlock their full potential.”
Multi Lingo Hub

This self-led course is for you if:

  • You want to understand how factors like age, cognitive aptitude, and motivation influence second language acquisition.
  • You’re looking for strategies to support students with diverse first language backgrounds in the classroom.
  • You want practical ways to leverage students’ native language skills to enhance second language learning.
  • You aim to create inclusive, language-rich environments that foster confidence, engagement, and multilingual growth.

Understanding the factors that influence second language acquisition—such as age, first language background, cognitive abilities, motivation, and socio-cultural context—is essential for effective instruction. 

About the Author

I am Dr. Sugely Solano, a lifelong language learner, parent of multilingual children, educator, and leader supporting multilingual learners. My doctoral dissertation, Using Guidance and Data to Inform the Instruction of Multilingual Learners, was recognized with the 2023 Venesky Award for contributing to language and reading research. I focus on meaningful language conversations, celebrating cultural and linguistic diversity, and highlighting the power of multilingualism. I presented a well-received session at the 2024 WIDA Conference and created MultilingoHub.com, a go-to resource for parents, educators, and leaders. I have also shared my expertise with the NEA on the importance of pronouncing student names correctly to honor identity and build respect.


I believe that language learning is a journey, not a race. This course breaks down language proficiency into clear stages, helping you recognize where your child is and what progress looks like over time. You’ll learn how proficiency develops, why children progress at different rates, and how to set realistic expectations while celebrating growth. 


Best,
Dr. Sugely Solano
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Factors that Influence Language Acquisition: A Focus on Native Language Characteristics

1: Age
Discusses the critical age period and its influence on developing an accent.

2: Aptitude
A review of a person's ability to learn a language or multiple languages.

3: Cognitive Abilities
Discusses a person's ability to process information

4: Learning Environment
How quality of academic & language instruction influences language development.


5: Motivation
Learn how motivation influences language learning.

6: Native Language Characteristics
A review of how a person's native language influences second language acquisition, including the challenges.

7: Identification of Characteristics
Strategies to identify characteristics in native languages that influence second language learning.

8: Similarities vs. Differences  
Resources that support language learning from different languages.

By recognizing each influence, educators can tailor lessons, provide meaningful practice, and create supportive, language-rich environments that help all students build proficiency, confidence, and a love for multilingual learning.

Factors that Influence Second Language Acquisition

  • 8 targeted lessons that explore the key factors influencing second language acquisition.
  • Emphasis on native language characteristics helps teachers understand how L1 affects learning English or another language.
  • Guidance on considering similarities and differences between English and other languages.
  • Practical strategies help consider students’ linguistic backgrounds, promoting confidence and proficiency.

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Start now to uncover the factors that affect language acquisition and equip yourself to guide multilingual learners to success.